MouseConnects Nanoscale Connectomics Workflow

From Mouse Brain to Memory Circuit Maps

Discover the cutting-edge pipeline used in the MouseConnects: HI-MC project to create an unprecedented view of the hippocampus at single synapse resolution.

Sample
Image
Segment
Analyze

The MouseConnects Pipeline

MouseConnects represents the most ambitious connectomics effort to date, aiming to reconstruct 10 mm³ of mouse hippocampal formation at nanometer resolution. This $40M NIH BRAIN CONNECTS project demonstrates how modern neuroscience combines advanced imaging, machine learning, and massive computational resources to unlock the secrets of memory circuits.

10 mm³
Brain Volume
10 PB
Data Generated
8 nm
Resolution
50x
Larger than Previous

Complete Workflow Pipeline

1

Sample Preparation & Staining

Whole C57BL/6 mouse brains are fixed and stained with heavy metals (osmium tetroxide) to create contrast for electron microscopy. The new ODeCO protocol ensures uniform staining across large volumes.

  • Transcardiac perfusion with specialized fixatives
  • ODeCO staining protocol for whole brains
  • MicroCT imaging for quality control
  • Registration to Allen Brain Atlas

Key Technologies:

Heavy Metal Staining MicroCT Imaging Atlas Registration
2

Serial Sectioning & Mounting

Stained brains are cut into semithin sections (200-1000 nm thick) and mounted on silicon wafers using magnetic collection technology.

  • Precision ultramicrotomy for consistent sections
  • MagC magnetic collection onto silicon wafers
  • Light microscopy mapping of sections
  • ROI selection for high-resolution imaging

Key Technologies:

Ultramicrotomy MagC Collection Wafer Mapping
3

High-Resolution EM Imaging

Novel mSEM-IBEAM systems combine multibeam scanning electron microscopy with ion beam milling to image at 8 nm isotropic resolution across two sites.

  • 91-beam scanning electron microscopes at Harvard and Princeton
  • Ion beam etching and milling (IBEAM)
  • Automated imaging across multiple sites
  • Real-time quality monitoring

Key Technologies:

mSEM-IBEAM Multibeam SEM Ion Beam Milling
4

Data Processing & Management

Massive datasets are transferred to Google Cloud, aligned, and prepared for automated segmentation using advanced compression techniques.

  • Lossless compression and cloud transfer
  • 3D alignment and stitching
  • Denoising and lossy compression
  • Quality monitoring pipeline

Key Technologies:

Google Cloud Image Compression 3D Alignment
5

Automated Segmentation

Machine learning algorithms trace every neuron and identify all synapses to create the connectome. Flood-filling networks achieve state-of-the-art accuracy.

  • Flood-filling networks for neuron tracing
  • Semantic segmentation for tissue types
  • Automated synapse detection
  • 3D reconstruction and validation

Key Technologies:

Deep Learning Flood-Filling Networks Synapse Detection
6

Proofreading & Validation

Human experts and community contributors validate and correct automated reconstructions using collaborative web-based tools, with training support from Johns Hopkins APL.

  • ChunkedGraph collaborative editing
  • CAVE proofreading interface
  • Community-driven validation through CIRCUIT program
  • Version control for reconstructions

Key Technologies:

ChunkedGraph CAVE Interface Web Collaboration
7

Integration & Cell Typing

Connectomic data is integrated with transcriptomic, physiological, and morphological data to define comprehensive cell types.

  • Patch-seq physiological recordings
  • fMOST whole-brain morphology
  • Cross-modal cell type matching
  • Multi-modal data integration

Key Technologies:

Patch-seq fMOST Multi-modal Integration
8

Circuit Analysis & Discovery

The complete connectome enables unprecedented analysis of hippocampal circuits, revealing new insights into memory and spatial navigation.

  • Local microcircuit motif analysis
  • Long-range connectivity patterns
  • Circuit mechanism discovery
  • Computational model validation

Key Technologies:

Graph Analysis Circuit Modeling Network Science
9

Open Data Sharing

All data, tools, and discoveries are made freely available to the global research community through advanced web interfaces and APIs.

  • Neuroglancer visualization platform
  • Science API for data access
  • Educational outreach programs
  • Community tool development

Key Technologies:

Neuroglancer Science API Open Science

MouseConnects Team

🏛️ Harvard University

Jeff Lichtman - Sample preparation, tissue processing, mSEM imaging

🎓 Princeton University

Sebastian Seung & David Tank - mSEM imaging, machine learning algorithms

☁️ Google Research

Viren Jain - Cloud processing, automated segmentation, flood-filling networks

🧠 MIT

Ila Fiete - Circuit analysis, computational modeling, spatial navigation

🔬 Allen Institute

Hongkui Zeng - Patch-seq recordings, cell typing, fMOST morphology

🏛️ Cambridge University

Gregory Jefferis - Data integration, proofreading, cross-modal analysis

🚀 Johns Hopkins APL

William Gray-Roncal - Training, connectome quality, CIRCUIT outreach program

Learn This Workflow

Ready to dive deeper? Our educational modules guide you through each step of the connectomics pipeline with hands-on exercises and real data.

👁️ Module 2: Sample Preparation

Learn tissue processing and staining techniques for EM

Start Learning

🔬 Module 5: EM Imaging

Understand electron microscopy and acquisition methods

Start Learning

🤖 Module 8: AI Segmentation

Explore machine learning for neuron reconstruction

Start Learning

🧠 Module 12: Circuit Analysis

Analyze connectivity patterns and discover circuits

Start Learning

Ready to Get Started?

🚀 Begin Your Journey

Start with Module 01 to understand the big picture and find your path

Module 01: Introduction to NeuroTrailblazers

📊 Explore Real Data

Dive into actual connectomics datasets from leading research projects

Browse Datasets

👥 Find Your Avatar

See how students like you navigate connectomics research

Student Stories